There is nothing permanent except change. The emergence of new virus diseases
Identifieur interne : 001C98 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001C97; suivant : 001C99There is nothing permanent except change. The emergence of new virus diseases
Auteurs : Uwe Truyen [Allemagne] ; Colin R. Parrish [États-Unis] ; Timm C. Harder [Pays-Bas] ; Oskar-Rüger Kaaden [Allemagne]Source :
- Veterinary Microbiology [ 0378-1135 ] ; 1995.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Amino, Amino acid, Amino acid sequence, Amino acid sequences, Amino acids, Antigenic, Appel, Barrett, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Canine, Canine cells, Canine distemper virus, Canine host range, Canine parvovirus, Canine sequence, Capsid, Capsid protein, Capsid protein gene, Capsid structure, Carnivore, Carnivore morbilliviruses, Chimpanzee, Clinical signs, Common ancestor, Convincing evidence, Coronavirus, Coronavirus infections, Coronaviruses, Dead kinsmen, Devastating pandemic, Different receptor specificities, Distemper, Distinct clusters, Domestic cats, Duck virus, Emergence, Encephalopathy, Envelope glycoprotein, Epidemiology, Epitope, Feline, Feline coronaviruses, Feline host range, Feline lentiviruses, Feline panleukopenia virus, Feline parvoviruses, Feline sequence, Fipv, Food sources, Further elucidate, Gene, Gene segments, Genes encoding, Genetic mechanisms, Genome, Genome organization, Genome segment, Global spread, Gorman, Greater details, Harbor seals, Harp seals, High degree, Hlnl, Hlnl virus, Host population, Host range, Human immunodeficiency virus, Human population, Immune response, Immunodeficiency, Immunological pressure, Important factors, Incubation period, Infectious diseases, Influenza, Influenza strains, Influenza virus, Influenza viruses, Interspecies transmission, Lentiviruses, Long period, Marine mammals, Measles virus, Meat meal, Medical microbiology, Mesenteric lymph nodes, Microbiology, Mink enteritis virus, Molecular epidemiology, Morbillivirus, Morbillivirus genus, Morbilliviruses, Mutation, Mutation rate, Natural history, Nonhuman primates, Nucleotide sequence, Older strains, Osterhaus, Other coronaviruses, Other lentiviruses, Oxford university press, Pandemic, Parrish, Particular importance, Parvovirus, Pathogen, Peritonitis virus, Phoca groenlundica, Phylogenetic, Phylogenetic analysis, Phylogenetic history, Plenum press, Porpoise morbilliviruses, Profound changes, Reassortment, Receptor, Receptor specificity, Recombination, Replication, Ritual cannibalism, Same time, Sequence analyses, Sequence analysis, Sequence comparisons, Several reasons, Simian, Simian lentiviruses, Sooty mangabeys, Spongiform, Structural proteins, Subsequent spread, Sudden appearance, Surface protein genes, Susceptible population, Synonymous changes, Terrestrial carnivores, Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, Truyen, Unpublished results, Vaccine, Vaccine strains, Veterinary, Veterinary microbiology, Viral, Virol, Virology, Virus, Virus diseases, Virus epidemics, Virus evolution, Virus spread, Virus strains, Virus system, Visser, Wild type, World monkeys.
Abstract
Abstract: The sudden appearance of apparently new viruses with pathogenic potential is of fundamental importance in medical microbiology and a constant threat to humans and animals. The emergence of a “new” pathogen is not an isolated event, as for instance the frequent appearance of new influenza virus strains demonstrates. Often the new virus strains co-circulate with the older strains in a susceptible population, but a replacement of the older strains has been also observed. In rare instances the new viruses can cause dramatic epidemics or pandemics, such as those observed with the human immunodeficiency virus, canine parvovirus, or most recently, with the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the United Kingdom. The mechanisms of the emergence are not always clearly understood, but an altered host range appears to be a common event. Whether a true change in host range occurs, or whether the virus adapted to the host and replicated more efficiently, is often unknown. This review tries to summarize the facts that are known about a wide variety of “new” viruses of mammals, such as the simian, human and feline lentiviruses, the feline coronaviruses, the feline parvoviruses, the carnivore morbilliviruses, the influenza A viruses, and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. A particular emphasis will be put on the genetic mechanisms that might have taken place and that might have been responsible for their sudden appearance.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)92531-F
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Pays-Bas, États-Unis
- Bavière, District de Haute-Bavière, État de New York
- Ithaca (New York), Munich
- Université Cornell, Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich
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The emergence of new virus diseases</title><author><name sortKey="Truyen, Uwe" sort="Truyen, Uwe" uniqKey="Truyen U" first="Uwe" last="Truyen">Uwe Truyen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">Allemagne</country></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Microbiology, Infectious and Epidemic Diseases, Ludwig Maximilians University, Veterinaer Str. 13, D-80539 Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parrish, Colin R" sort="Parrish, Colin R" uniqKey="Parrish C" first="Colin R." last="Parrish">Colin R. Parrish</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>James A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harder, Timm C" sort="Harder, Timm C" uniqKey="Harder T" first="Timm C." last="Harder">Timm C. Harder</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3000 DR Rotterdam</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaaden, Oskar Ruger" sort="Kaaden, Oskar Ruger" uniqKey="Kaaden O" first="Oskar-Rüger" last="Kaaden">Oskar-Rüger Kaaden</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Medical Microbiology, Infectious and Epidemic Diseases, Ludwig Maximilians University, Veterinaer Str. 13, D-80539 Munich</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Veterinary Microbiology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">VETMIC</title><idno type="ISSN">0378-1135</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1995">1995</date><biblScope unit="volume">43</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2–3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="103">103</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="122">122</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0378-1135</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0378-1135</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Amino</term><term>Amino acid</term><term>Amino acid sequence</term><term>Amino acid sequences</term><term>Amino acids</term><term>Antigenic</term><term>Appel</term><term>Barrett</term><term>Bovine spongiform encephalopathy</term><term>Canine</term><term>Canine cells</term><term>Canine distemper virus</term><term>Canine host range</term><term>Canine parvovirus</term><term>Canine sequence</term><term>Capsid</term><term>Capsid protein</term><term>Capsid protein gene</term><term>Capsid structure</term><term>Carnivore</term><term>Carnivore morbilliviruses</term><term>Chimpanzee</term><term>Clinical signs</term><term>Common ancestor</term><term>Convincing evidence</term><term>Coronavirus</term><term>Coronavirus infections</term><term>Coronaviruses</term><term>Dead kinsmen</term><term>Devastating pandemic</term><term>Different receptor specificities</term><term>Distemper</term><term>Distinct clusters</term><term>Domestic cats</term><term>Duck virus</term><term>Emergence</term><term>Encephalopathy</term><term>Envelope glycoprotein</term><term>Epidemiology</term><term>Epitope</term><term>Feline</term><term>Feline coronaviruses</term><term>Feline host range</term><term>Feline lentiviruses</term><term>Feline panleukopenia virus</term><term>Feline parvoviruses</term><term>Feline sequence</term><term>Fipv</term><term>Food sources</term><term>Further elucidate</term><term>Gene</term><term>Gene segments</term><term>Genes encoding</term><term>Genetic mechanisms</term><term>Genome</term><term>Genome organization</term><term>Genome segment</term><term>Global spread</term><term>Gorman</term><term>Greater details</term><term>Harbor seals</term><term>Harp seals</term><term>High degree</term><term>Hlnl</term><term>Hlnl virus</term><term>Host population</term><term>Host range</term><term>Human immunodeficiency virus</term><term>Human population</term><term>Immune response</term><term>Immunodeficiency</term><term>Immunological pressure</term><term>Important factors</term><term>Incubation period</term><term>Infectious diseases</term><term>Influenza</term><term>Influenza strains</term><term>Influenza virus</term><term>Influenza viruses</term><term>Interspecies transmission</term><term>Lentiviruses</term><term>Long period</term><term>Marine mammals</term><term>Measles virus</term><term>Meat meal</term><term>Medical microbiology</term><term>Mesenteric lymph nodes</term><term>Microbiology</term><term>Mink enteritis virus</term><term>Molecular epidemiology</term><term>Morbillivirus</term><term>Morbillivirus genus</term><term>Morbilliviruses</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Mutation rate</term><term>Natural history</term><term>Nonhuman primates</term><term>Nucleotide sequence</term><term>Older strains</term><term>Osterhaus</term><term>Other coronaviruses</term><term>Other lentiviruses</term><term>Oxford university press</term><term>Pandemic</term><term>Parrish</term><term>Particular importance</term><term>Parvovirus</term><term>Pathogen</term><term>Peritonitis virus</term><term>Phoca groenlundica</term><term>Phylogenetic</term><term>Phylogenetic analysis</term><term>Phylogenetic history</term><term>Plenum press</term><term>Porpoise morbilliviruses</term><term>Profound changes</term><term>Reassortment</term><term>Receptor</term><term>Receptor specificity</term><term>Recombination</term><term>Replication</term><term>Ritual cannibalism</term><term>Same time</term><term>Sequence analyses</term><term>Sequence analysis</term><term>Sequence comparisons</term><term>Several reasons</term><term>Simian</term><term>Simian lentiviruses</term><term>Sooty mangabeys</term><term>Spongiform</term><term>Structural proteins</term><term>Subsequent spread</term><term>Sudden appearance</term><term>Surface protein genes</term><term>Susceptible population</term><term>Synonymous changes</term><term>Terrestrial carnivores</term><term>Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies</term><term>Truyen</term><term>Unpublished results</term><term>Vaccine</term><term>Vaccine strains</term><term>Veterinary</term><term>Veterinary microbiology</term><term>Viral</term><term>Virol</term><term>Virology</term><term>Virus</term><term>Virus diseases</term><term>Virus epidemics</term><term>Virus evolution</term><term>Virus spread</term><term>Virus strains</term><term>Virus system</term><term>Visser</term><term>Wild type</term><term>World monkeys</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The sudden appearance of apparently new viruses with pathogenic potential is of fundamental importance in medical microbiology and a constant threat to humans and animals. The emergence of a “new” pathogen is not an isolated event, as for instance the frequent appearance of new influenza virus strains demonstrates. Often the new virus strains co-circulate with the older strains in a susceptible population, but a replacement of the older strains has been also observed. In rare instances the new viruses can cause dramatic epidemics or pandemics, such as those observed with the human immunodeficiency virus, canine parvovirus, or most recently, with the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the United Kingdom. The mechanisms of the emergence are not always clearly understood, but an altered host range appears to be a common event. Whether a true change in host range occurs, or whether the virus adapted to the host and replicated more efficiently, is often unknown. This review tries to summarize the facts that are known about a wide variety of “new” viruses of mammals, such as the simian, human and feline lentiviruses, the feline coronaviruses, the feline parvoviruses, the carnivore morbilliviruses, the influenza A viruses, and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. A particular emphasis will be put on the genetic mechanisms that might have taken place and that might have been responsible for their sudden appearance.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Bavière</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Ithaca (New York)</li><li>Munich</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Cornell</li><li>Université Louis-et-Maximilien de Munich</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Truyen, Uwe" sort="Truyen, Uwe" uniqKey="Truyen U" first="Uwe" last="Truyen">Uwe Truyen</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kaaden, Oskar Ruger" sort="Kaaden, Oskar Ruger" uniqKey="Kaaden O" first="Oskar-Rüger" last="Kaaden">Oskar-Rüger Kaaden</name><name sortKey="Truyen, Uwe" sort="Truyen, Uwe" uniqKey="Truyen U" first="Uwe" last="Truyen">Uwe Truyen</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Parrish, Colin R" sort="Parrish, Colin R" uniqKey="Parrish C" first="Colin R." last="Parrish">Colin R. Parrish</name></region></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Harder, Timm C" sort="Harder, Timm C" uniqKey="Harder T" first="Timm C." last="Harder">Timm C. Harder</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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